
One issue that has received considerable national media attention over the last few years has been inappropriate relations between adults and children (more specifically, teachers and students). Interestingly, in this day and age where we have (sadly) become desensitized to school shootings and Dateline's "To Catch a Predator" type programs on television, one very unique and terribly dangerous situation has somehow flown under the radar:
Appropriate Training, Development, and Oversight for Interscholastic Coaches.
In central Ohio a series of stories ran in the Columbus Dispatch last fall that graphically detailed countless teachers across Ohio who had been caught for a variety of unprofessional, inappropriate, and sometimes even deadly activities between themselves and the innocent kids they taught, supervised, and mentored. These activities included sexual relations, alcohol, and drug usage, to name a few. While reading these stories and using the Dateline series as a contextual backdrop, it began to dawn on me that while these horrible adult-child situations do still exist, there appears to be very prudent, proactive efforts to help curtail these types of things from happening again in the future. Society has become hypersensitive to teacher activities, and schools are doing their part by locking doors during working hours and placing greater accountability on teacher efforts and activities. Admittedly, a "bad person" is still going to find ways to do bad things, but at least we are taking collective steps together to pay attention to things we never did in the past!
Teachers today are held accountable for their activities in a number of ways, including how they are trained (they must earn at least a four-year college degree, obtain a teaching license, and attend continuing education courses and training for their entire career). Again, there are still those who will do all these things and still should not be allowed to work with children, but at least most of us would agree the task to become a teacher can be quite arduous and most certainly eliminates many pedophile (or irresponsible adults) from ever working closely with children.
But What About Coaches???
Currently in Ohio (this is where I live and work and know the most - although I'm quite certain the other 49 states are very similar) the rough estimate of coaches in high schools who come from outside the school system (meaning they are not teachers and most likely have never been formally trained to work with kids) is about 60%. This means that the teachers I just described above - the people who have been trained to work with kids and have earned the right to do it - comprise only 40% of interscholastic coaches today (and that number is shrinking annually). Are you starting to see a problem here??
One major reason why we are seeing fewer teachers want to coach these days is that they are not as intrinsically motivated to do so. Interscholastic coaching has never been a big money job, but in the old days it was an easy sell ---- working with kids and sharing in all the wonderful "teachable moments" sport affords coaches was motivating enough to offset the poor pay and crummy hours (yes, coaches give up a ton of nights and weekends - and sometimes even holidays). Sadly, with more and more parents acting out with anger over things like playing time and lost college scholarships their kids are missing due to 'poor coaching' (wink, wink), increasingly more teachers are saying the heck with coaching. The end result? If schools still want to keep their athletic teams they are then forced to find willing and interested adults in their communities to take on these positions!
So that brings us to today and the issues associated with interscholastic coaches and appropriate training and oversight. In Ohio, here's the requirement needed to coach:
- To complete a 4-hour first aid course once every three years.
Of course many adults who coach are extremely responsible (in fact I would even say most), and many school districts do take the necessary time to explore the applicant pool for an open coaching position ---- and some even go through the trouble of doing a criminal background check. But if this is your high school daughter we are talking about here, are you comfortable with those lottery odds?? I'm not, hence the reason for this blog.
It is imperative that as I go on with this discussion that you take into account some critical points:
- Most coaches I know are very good people and do very good things for the kids they coach. They impact their lives in a very positive way, both in sports and life!
- Schools are often seriously challenged to fill coaching vacancies and often are left with very small applicant pools to choose from - leaving them to make very tough decisions when it comes to hiring.
- Athletic Directors are supposed to provide oversight once coaches are hired, but they (AD's) are often so overworked they simply do not have the time to do this on a daily basis. Making things even tougher is the fact that many AD's are simply not trained themselves in the critical, contemporary issues in youth sports today - so how can they in turn mentor their coaches??
Think About Where Coaches Go with Student Athletes that Even Teachers Don't...
Now for the really scary part: while we are so compulsively concerned with the safety of kids between 7AM and 3PM, we are virtually on cruise control when it comes to our complete lack of concern when kids go off to practice!
Bus rides.
Locker rooms.
Hotel rooms.
Vacant hallways after school hours when nobody is around....need I go on?
Every day we collectively hold our breath and cross our fingers that the coaches we entrust with our kids in these very private situations do the right thing and act responsibly. Essentially, what we have done as a society is pull out a monster magnifying glass on teachers during school hours, and turned our backs and simply ignored what happens after kids hear the final bell for the day ring. We pretend there aren't any potential problems on the horizon, or we quickly dismiss the need for coaches to go through rigorous training and oversight for a variety of reasons (i.e. they would be upset, they don't have time as it is, etc). Are these good enough reasons for you?
You may be wondering how I have come up with these observations, and why I am writing about them here. Working in the field of sport psychology I have been most fortuitous to have developed countless wonderful relationship with student athletes, coaches, parents, AD's, and school administrators. I have also kept abreast of state laws and mandates, as well as the ever-growing list of contemporary issues in youth sports (btw, youth burnout is out of control). It is from these relationships and experiences that I draw on - the private, intimate conversations where people regularly tell me "whats happening," not to mention what I learn in private, confidential sessions with clients. When you then go and look at the minimum threshold of what is required to become a coach, you don't need to be a rocket scientist before you begin utter 'uh-oh' under your breath.
So What Do We Need to Do?
First, we must all realize this is a national problem and concern and allowing adults to go out and coach simply because a district needs an adult in place and has passed a criminal background check is simply not acceptable! We have got to recognize that this is a major big problem - and for every news story that 'breaks,' there are tons of other stories out there where the kids are too afraid to speak up and talk about what is going on.
We need to realize the impact coaches have on student athletes, and develop initiatives that require coaches to obtain minimal annual training so that it does not become cost- or time-prohibitive (online training is key). Teaching coaches about the emotional damage a child can experience through improper coaching is essential. Additionally, these efforts should not be punitive in nature, but instead sold as a valuable asset to coaches.
Finally, and most importantly, we need to realize these concerns are everywhere, not just the town 'over there.' We need to work together and offer professional assistance to those who want to coach (and yes, we need good coaches), as well as provide outlets for coaches to go to when things get tough (i.e. an irate parent waiting to attack a coach after a game). We need major reform, but before that can take place we need to make people aware of what is really going on. It is really that bad out there (recently I asked my college sport psychology class of 35 students how many of them knew of inappropriate relations between coaches and student athletes when they were in school and between a third and a half of the hands immediately went up - enough said).
I again want to emphasize that the vast majority of people who coach are outstanding individuals! With that said, when there are minimal requirements, minimal expectations, minimal school/state thresholds and laws --- combined with terribly risky situations coaches are often in ---- you can see how even good people can make temporary bad decisions based on these circumstances.
Kids stand in awe of us as adults - especially their coaches. They routinely assume the positions they are in with their coaches are 'normal,' even if it feels a little funny or wrong.
Isn't it our job to address this current dilemma and step up to the plate when it comes to our kids safety and well-being???
